Commit 16ca41e1 16ca41e1c0d1332141d2f54fec7cd9eebc6ed8b6 by Wojciech Polak

The Free Documentation License 1.2.

1 parent bae0bb08
1 @setfilename fdl.info
2 @appendix GNU Free Documentation License
3 @cindex FDL, GNU Free Documentation License
4 @center Version 1.2, November 2002
5
6 @display
7 Copyright @copyright{} 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
8 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA
9
10 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
11 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
12 @end display
13
14 @enumerate 0
15 @item
16 PREAMBLE
17
18 The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
19 functional and useful document @dfn{free} in the sense of freedom: to
20 assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,
21 with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
22 Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way
23 to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible
24 for modifications made by others.
25
26 This License is a kind of ``copyleft'', which means that derivative
27 works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
28 complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
29 license designed for free software.
30
31 We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
32 software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
33 program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
34 software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals;
35 it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
36 whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License
37 principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
38
39 @item
40 APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
41
42 This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that
43 contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
44 distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a
45 world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that
46 work under the conditions stated herein. The ``Document'', below,
47 refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a
48 licensee, and is addressed as ``you''. You accept the license if you
49 copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission
50 under copyright law.
51
52 A ``Modified Version'' of the Document means any work containing the
53 Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
54 modifications and/or translated into another language.
55
56 A ``Secondary Section'' is a named appendix or a front-matter section
57 of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
58 publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall
59 subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall
60 directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in
61 part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain
62 any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical
63 connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,
64 commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding
65 them.
66
67 The ``Invariant Sections'' are certain Secondary Sections whose titles
68 are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice
69 that says that the Document is released under this License. If a
70 section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not
71 allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero
72 Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant
73 Sections then there are none.
74
75 The ``Cover Texts'' are certain short passages of text that are listed,
76 as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that
77 the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may
78 be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.
79
80 A ``Transparent'' copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
81 represented in a format whose specification is available to the
82 general public, that is suitable for revising the document
83 straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
84 pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
85 drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or
86 for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input
87 to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file
88 format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart
89 or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent.
90 An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount
91 of text. A copy that is not ``Transparent'' is called ``Opaque''.
92
93 Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
94 @sc{ascii} without markup, Texinfo input format, La@TeX{} input
95 format, @acronym{SGML} or @acronym{XML} using a publicly available
96 @acronym{DTD}, and standard-conforming simple @acronym{HTML},
97 PostScript or @acronym{PDF} designed for human modification. Examples
98 of transparent image formats include @acronym{PNG}, @acronym{XCF} and
99 @acronym{JPG}. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be
100 read and edited only by proprietary word processors, @acronym{SGML} or
101 @acronym{XML} for which the @acronym{DTD} and/or processing tools are
102 not generally available, and the machine-generated @acronym{HTML},
103 PostScript or @acronym{PDF} produced by some word processors for
104 output purposes only.
105
106 The ``Title Page'' means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
107 plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material
108 this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in
109 formats which do not have any title page as such, ``Title Page'' means
110 the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
111 preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
112
113 A section ``Entitled XYZ'' means a named subunit of the Document whose
114 title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following
115 text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a
116 specific section name mentioned below, such as ``Acknowledgements'',
117 ``Dedications'', ``Endorsements'', or ``History''.) To ``Preserve the Title''
118 of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a
119 section ``Entitled XYZ'' according to this definition.
120
121 The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which
122 states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty
123 Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this
124 License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
125 implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has
126 no effect on the meaning of this License.
127
128 @item
129 VERBATIM COPYING
130
131 You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
132 commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
133 copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
134 to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
135 conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
136 technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further
137 copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
138 compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
139 number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
140
141 You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
142 you may publicly display copies.
143
144 @item
145 COPYING IN QUANTITY
146
147 If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have
148 printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
149 Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the
150 copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
151 Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on
152 the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
153 you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present
154 the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and
155 visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition.
156 Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve
157 the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated
158 as verbatim copying in other respects.
159
160 If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
161 legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
162 reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
163 pages.
164
165 If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
166 more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent
167 copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy
168 a computer-network location from which the general network-using
169 public has access to download using public-standard network protocols
170 a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material.
171 If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps,
172 when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure
173 that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated
174 location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an
175 Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that
176 edition to the public.
177
178 It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
179 Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give
180 them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
181
182 @item
183 MODIFICATIONS
184
185 You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under
186 the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release
187 the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
188 Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution
189 and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy
190 of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
191
192 @enumerate A
193 @item
194 Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
195 from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions
196 (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
197 of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version
198 if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
199
200 @item
201 List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
202 responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
203 Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
204 Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five),
205 unless they release you from this requirement.
206
207 @item
208 State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
209 Modified Version, as the publisher.
210
211 @item
212 Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
213
214 @item
215 Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
216 adjacent to the other copyright notices.
217
218 @item
219 Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
220 giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
221 terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
222
223 @item
224 Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
225 and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
226
227 @item
228 Include an unaltered copy of this License.
229
230 @item
231 Preserve the section Entitled ``History'', Preserve its Title, and add
232 to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
233 publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If
234 there is no section Entitled ``History'' in the Document, create one
235 stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as
236 given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified
237 Version as stated in the previous sentence.
238
239 @item
240 Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
241 public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise
242 the network locations given in the Document for previous versions
243 it was based on. These may be placed in the ``History'' section.
244 You may omit a network location for a work that was published at
245 least four years before the Document itself, or if the original
246 publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
247
248 @item
249 For any section Entitled ``Acknowledgements'' or ``Dedications'', Preserve
250 the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the
251 substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or
252 dedications given therein.
253
254 @item
255 Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
256 unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers
257 or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
258
259 @item
260 Delete any section Entitled ``Endorsements''. Such a section
261 may not be included in the Modified Version.
262
263 @item
264 Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled ``Endorsements'' or
265 to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
266
267 @item
268 Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
269 @end enumerate
270
271 If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
272 appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
273 copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
274 of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
275 list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
276 These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
277
278 You may add a section Entitled ``Endorsements'', provided it contains
279 nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
280 parties---for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
281 been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
282 standard.
283
284 You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
285 passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
286 of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
287 Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or
288 through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already
289 includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or
290 by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of,
291 you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
292 permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
293
294 The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
295 give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
296 imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
297
298 @item
299 COMBINING DOCUMENTS
300
301 You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
302 License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
303 versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
304 Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
305 list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
306 license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
307
308 The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
309 multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
310 copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
311 different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
312 adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
313 author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
314 Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
315 Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
316
317 In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled ``History''
318 in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled
319 ``History''; likewise combine any sections Entitled ``Acknowledgements'',
320 and any sections Entitled ``Dedications''. You must delete all
321 sections Entitled ``Endorsements.''
322
323 @item
324 COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
325
326 You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
327 released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
328 License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in
329 the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
330 verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
331
332 You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
333 it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this
334 License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all
335 other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
336
337 @item
338 AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
339
340 A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
341 and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
342 distribution medium, is called an ``aggregate'' if the copyright
343 resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights
344 of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit.
345 When the Document is included an aggregate, this License does not
346 apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
347 derivative works of the Document.
348
349 If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
350 copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
351 the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
352 covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
353 electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form.
354 Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
355 aggregate.
356
357 @item
358 TRANSLATION
359
360 Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
361 distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
362 Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
363 permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
364 translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
365 original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
366 translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
367 Document, and any Warrany Disclaimers, provided that you also include
368 the original English version of this License and the original versions
369 of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between
370 the translation and the original version of this License or a notice
371 or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
372
373 If a section in the Document is Entitled ``Acknowledgements'',
374 ``Dedications'', or ``History'', the requirement (section 4) to Preserve
375 its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
376 title.
377
378 @item
379 TERMINATION
380
381 You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except
382 as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to
383 copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
384 automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
385 parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
386 License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
387 parties remain in full compliance.
388
389 @item
390 FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
391
392 The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions
393 of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new
394 versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
395 differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See
396 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/}.
397
398 Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
399 If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
400 License ``or any later version'' applies to it, you have the option of
401 following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
402 of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
403 Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
404 number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
405 as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
406 @end enumerate
407
408 @page
409 @appendixsubsec ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
410
411 To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
412 the License in the document and put the following copyright and
413 license notices just after the title page:
414
415 @smallexample
416 @group
417 Copyright (C) @var{year} @var{your name}.
418 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
419 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
420 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
421 with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
422 A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
423 Free Documentation License''.
424 @end group
425 @end smallexample
426
427 If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
428 replace the ``with...Texts.'' line with this:
429
430 @smallexample
431 @group
432 with the Invariant Sections being @var{list their titles}, with
433 the Front-Cover Texts being @var{list}, and with the Back-Cover Texts
434 being @var{list}.
435 @end group
436 @end smallexample
437
438 If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
439 combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
440 situation.
441
442 If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
443 recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
444 free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
445 to permit their use in free software.
446
447 @c Local Variables:
448 @c ispell-local-pdict: "ispell-dict"
449 @c End:
450