locker.c
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/* GNU Mailutils -- a suite of utilities for electronic mail
Copyright (C) 1999-2001, 2005-2008, 2010-2012 Free Software
Foundation, Inc.
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
Public License along with this library. If not, see
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
# include <config.h>
#endif
#include <assert.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <utime.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <mailutils/errno.h>
#include <mailutils/locker.h>
#include <mailutils/util.h>
#define LOCKFILE_ATTR 0644
/* First draft by Brian Edmond. */
/* For subsequent modifications, see the GNU mailutils ChangeLog. */
struct _mu_locker
{
unsigned refcnt; /* Number of times mu_locker_lock was called */
enum mu_locker_mode mode; /* Current locking mode (if refcnt > 0) */
char *file;
int flags;
int expire_time;
int retries;
int retry_sleep;
union lock_data {
struct {
char *dotlock;
char *nfslock;
} dot;
struct {
char *name;
} external;
struct {
int fd;
} kernel;
} data;
};
#define MU_LOCKER_TYPE(l) MU_LOCKER_FLAG_TO_TYPE((l)->flags)
struct locker_tab
{
int (*init) (mu_locker_t);
void (*destroy) (mu_locker_t);
int (*prelock) (mu_locker_t);
int (*lock) (mu_locker_t, enum mu_locker_mode);
int (*unlock) (mu_locker_t);
};
static int init_dotlock (mu_locker_t);
static void destroy_dotlock (mu_locker_t);
static int lock_dotlock (mu_locker_t, enum mu_locker_mode);
static int unlock_dotlock (mu_locker_t);
static int init_external (mu_locker_t);
static void destroy_external (mu_locker_t);
static int lock_external (mu_locker_t, enum mu_locker_mode);
static int unlock_external (mu_locker_t);
static int init_kernel (mu_locker_t);
static int lock_kernel (mu_locker_t, enum mu_locker_mode);
static int unlock_kernel (mu_locker_t);
static int prelock_common (mu_locker_t);
static struct locker_tab locker_tab[] = {
/* MU_LOCKER_TYPE_DOTLOCK */
{ init_dotlock, destroy_dotlock, prelock_common,
lock_dotlock, unlock_dotlock },
/* MU_LOCKER_TYPE_EXTERNAL */
{ init_external, destroy_external, prelock_common,
lock_external, unlock_external },
/* MU_LOCKER_TYPE_KERNEL */
{ init_kernel, NULL, NULL, lock_kernel, unlock_kernel },
/* MU_LOCKER_TYPE_NULL */
{ NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL }
};
#define MU_LOCKER_NTYPES (sizeof (locker_tab) / sizeof (locker_tab[0]))
static int
stat_check (const char *file, int fd, int links)
{
struct stat fn_stat;
struct stat fd_stat;
int err = 0;
int localfd = -1;
if (fd == -1)
{
localfd = open (file, O_RDONLY);
if (localfd == -1)
return errno;
fd = localfd;
}
/* We should always be able to stat a valid fd, so this
is an error condition. */
if (lstat (file, &fn_stat) || fstat (fd, &fd_stat))
err = errno;
else
{
/* If the link and stat don't report the same info, or the
file is a symlink, fail the locking. */
#define CHK(X) if(X) err = EINVAL
CHK (!S_ISREG (fn_stat.st_mode));
CHK (!S_ISREG (fd_stat.st_mode));
CHK (fn_stat.st_nlink != links);
CHK (fn_stat.st_dev != fd_stat.st_dev);
CHK (fn_stat.st_ino != fd_stat.st_ino);
CHK (fn_stat.st_mode != fd_stat.st_mode);
CHK (fn_stat.st_nlink != fd_stat.st_nlink);
CHK (fn_stat.st_uid != fd_stat.st_uid);
CHK (fn_stat.st_gid != fd_stat.st_gid);
CHK (fn_stat.st_rdev != fd_stat.st_rdev);
#undef CHK
}
if (localfd != -1)
close (localfd);
return err;
}
static int
check_file_permissions (const char *file)
{
int fd = -1;
int err = 0;
if ((fd = open (file, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
return errno == ENOENT ? 0 : errno;
err = stat_check (file, fd, 1);
close (fd);
fd = -1;
if (err)
{
if (err == EINVAL)
err = MU_ERR_LOCK_BAD_FILE;
return err;
}
return 0;
}
static int
prelock_common (mu_locker_t locker)
{
/* Check if we are trying to lock a regular file, with a link count
of 1, that we have permission to read, etc., or don't lock it. */
return check_file_permissions (locker->file);
}
static int mu_locker_default_flags = MU_LOCKER_DEFAULT;
static time_t mu_locker_retry_timeout = MU_LOCKER_RETRY_SLEEP;
static size_t mu_locker_retry_count = MU_LOCKER_RETRIES;
static time_t mu_locker_expire_timeout = MU_LOCKER_EXPIRE_TIME;
static char *mu_locker_external_program = NULL;
int
mu_locker_set_default_flags (int flags, enum mu_locker_set_mode mode)
{
switch (mode)
{
case mu_locker_assign:
mu_locker_default_flags = flags;
break;
case mu_locker_set_bit:
mu_locker_default_flags |= flags;
break;
case mu_locker_clear_bit:
mu_locker_default_flags &= ~flags;
break;
default:
return EINVAL;
}
return 0;
}
void
mu_locker_set_default_retry_timeout (time_t to)
{
mu_locker_retry_timeout = to;
}
void
mu_locker_set_default_retry_count (size_t n)
{
mu_locker_retry_count = n;
}
void
mu_locker_set_default_expire_timeout (time_t t)
{
mu_locker_expire_timeout = t;
}
void
mu_locker_set_default_external_program (char *path)
{
free (mu_locker_external_program);
mu_locker_external_program = strdup (path);
}
int
mu_locker_mod_flags (mu_locker_t locker, int flags,
enum mu_locker_set_mode mode)
{
unsigned otype, ntype;
int new_flags;
if (!locker)
return MU_ERR_LOCKER_NULL;
switch (mode)
{
case mu_locker_assign:
new_flags = flags;
break;
case mu_locker_set_bit:
new_flags = locker->flags | flags;
break;
case mu_locker_clear_bit:
new_flags = locker->flags & ~flags;
break;
default:
return EINVAL;
}
otype = MU_LOCKER_TYPE (locker);
if (otype >= MU_LOCKER_NTYPES)
return EINVAL;
ntype = MU_LOCKER_FLAG_TO_TYPE (new_flags);
if (ntype >= MU_LOCKER_NTYPES)
return EINVAL;
if (ntype != otype)
{
int rc;
if (locker_tab[otype].destroy)
locker_tab[otype].destroy (locker);
locker->flags = new_flags;
if (locker_tab[ntype].init)
{
rc = locker_tab[ntype].init (locker);
if (rc)
locker->flags = MU_LOCKER_NULL;
return rc;
}
}
else
locker->flags = new_flags;
return 0;
}
int
mu_locker_set_flags (mu_locker_t locker, int flags)
{
return mu_locker_mod_flags (locker, flags, mu_locker_assign);
}
int
mu_locker_set_expire_time (mu_locker_t locker, int etime)
{
if (!locker)
return MU_ERR_LOCKER_NULL;
if (etime <= 0)
return EINVAL;
locker->expire_time = etime;
return 0;
}
int
mu_locker_set_retries (mu_locker_t locker, int retries)
{
if (!locker)
return MU_ERR_LOCKER_NULL;
if (retries <= 0)
return EINVAL;
locker->retries = retries;
return 0;
}
int
mu_locker_set_retry_sleep (mu_locker_t locker, int retry_sleep)
{
if (!locker)
return MU_ERR_LOCKER_NULL;
if (retry_sleep <= 0)
return EINVAL;
locker->retry_sleep = retry_sleep;
return 0;
}
int
mu_locker_set_external (mu_locker_t locker, const char* program)
{
char* p = NULL;
if (!locker)
return MU_ERR_LOCKER_NULL;
if (MU_LOCKER_TYPE (locker) != MU_LOCKER_TYPE_EXTERNAL)
return EINVAL;
/* program can be NULL */
if (program != 0)
{
p = strdup (program);
if (!p)
return ENOMEM;
}
free (locker->data.external.name);
locker->data.external.name = p;
return 0;
}
int
mu_locker_get_flags (mu_locker_t locker, int *flags)
{
if (!locker)
return MU_ERR_LOCKER_NULL;
if (!flags)
return EINVAL;
*flags = locker->flags;
return 0;
}
int
mu_locker_get_expire_time (mu_locker_t locker, int *ptime)
{
if (!locker)
return MU_ERR_LOCKER_NULL;
if (!ptime)
return EINVAL;
*ptime = locker->expire_time;
return 0;
}
int
mu_locker_get_retries (mu_locker_t locker, int *retries)
{
if (!locker)
return MU_ERR_LOCKER_NULL;
if (!retries)
return EINVAL;
*retries = locker->retries;
return 0;
}
int
mu_locker_get_retry_sleep (mu_locker_t locker, int *retry_sleep)
{
if (!locker)
return MU_ERR_LOCKER_NULL;
if (!retry_sleep)
return EINVAL;
*retry_sleep = locker->retry_sleep;
return 0;
}
int
mu_locker_create (mu_locker_t *plocker, const char *fname, int flags)
{
unsigned type;
mu_locker_t l;
char *filename;
int err = 0;
if (plocker == NULL)
return MU_ERR_OUT_PTR_NULL;
if (fname == NULL)
return EINVAL;
if ((err = mu_unroll_symlink (fname, &filename)))
{
if (err == ENOENT)
{
/* Try the directory part. If it unrolls successfully (i.e.
all its components exist), tuck the filename part back in
the resulting path and use it as the lock filename. */
char *p, *new_name, *tmp = strdup (fname);
if (!tmp)
return ENOMEM;
p = strrchr (tmp, '/');
if (!p)
filename = tmp;
else
{
*p = 0;
err = mu_unroll_symlink (tmp, &filename);
if (err)
{
free (tmp);
return err;
}
new_name = mu_make_file_name_suf (filename, p + 1, NULL);
free (tmp);
free (filename);
if (!new_name)
return ENOMEM;
filename = new_name;
}
}
else
return err;
}
l = calloc (1, sizeof (*l));
if (l == NULL)
{
free (filename);
return ENOMEM;
}
l->file = filename;
if (l->file == NULL)
{
free (l);
return ENOMEM;
}
if (strcmp (filename, "/dev/null") == 0)
l->flags = MU_LOCKER_NULL;
else if (flags)
l->flags = flags;
else
l->flags = mu_locker_default_flags;
l->expire_time = mu_locker_expire_timeout;
l->retries = mu_locker_retry_count;
l->retry_sleep = mu_locker_retry_timeout;
type = MU_LOCKER_TYPE (l);
if (type >= MU_LOCKER_NTYPES)
{
free (l->file);
return EINVAL;
}
/* Initialize locker-type-specific data */
err = locker_tab[type].init ? locker_tab[type].init (l) : 0;
if (err)
{
mu_locker_destroy (&l);
return err;
}
*plocker = l;
return 0;
}
void
mu_locker_destroy (mu_locker_t *plocker)
{
if (plocker && *plocker)
{
unsigned type = MU_LOCKER_TYPE (*plocker);
if (type < MU_LOCKER_NTYPES)
{
if (locker_tab[type].destroy)
locker_tab[type].destroy (*plocker);
free ((*plocker)->file);
free (*plocker);
*plocker = NULL;
}
}
}
int
_mu_locker_lock (mu_locker_t lock, enum mu_locker_mode mode)
{
int rc;
unsigned type;
unsigned retries = 1;
if (lock == NULL || (type = MU_LOCKER_TYPE (lock)) >= MU_LOCKER_NTYPES)
return EINVAL;
if (locker_tab[type].prelock && (rc = locker_tab[type].prelock (lock)))
return rc;
/* Is the lock already applied? */
if (lock->refcnt > 0)
{
lock->refcnt++;
if (mode == lock->mode)
return 0;
}
lock->mode = mode;
if (lock->flags & MU_LOCKER_RETRY)
retries = lock->retries;
if (locker_tab[type].lock)
{
while (retries--)
{
rc = locker_tab[type].lock (lock, mode);
if (rc == EAGAIN && retries)
{
sleep (lock->retry_sleep);
continue;
}
if (rc == 0)
lock->refcnt++;
break;
}
}
else
rc = 0;
return rc;
}
int
mu_locker_lock (mu_locker_t lock)
{
return _mu_locker_lock (lock, mu_lck_exc);
}
int
mu_locker_unlock (mu_locker_t lock)
{
int rc = 0;
unsigned type;
if (!lock)
return MU_ERR_LOCKER_NULL;
if (lock->refcnt == 0)
return MU_ERR_LOCK_NOT_HELD;
if ((rc = check_file_permissions (lock->file)))
return rc;
if (--lock->refcnt > 0)
return 0;
type = MU_LOCKER_TYPE (lock);
if (locker_tab[type].unlock)
rc = locker_tab[type].unlock (lock);
else
rc = 0;
return rc;
}
int
mu_locker_remove_lock (mu_locker_t lock)
{
if (!lock)
return MU_ERR_LOCKER_NULL;
/* Force the reference count to 1 to unlock the file. */
lock->refcnt = 1;
return mu_locker_unlock (lock);
}
#define DOTLOCK_SUFFIX ".lock"
/* expire a stale lock (if MU_LOCKER_PID or MU_LOCKER_TIME) */
static void
expire_stale_lock (mu_locker_t lock)
{
int stale = 0;
int fd = open (lock->data.dot.dotlock, O_RDONLY);
if (fd == -1)
return;
/* Check to see if this process is still running. */
if (lock->flags & MU_LOCKER_PID)
{
char buf[16];
pid_t pid;
int nread = read (fd, buf, sizeof (buf) - 1);
if (nread > 0)
{
buf[nread] = '\0';
pid = strtol (buf, NULL, 10);
if (pid > 0)
{
/* Process is gone so we try to remove the lock. */
if (kill (pid, 0) == -1)
stale = 1;
}
else
stale = 1; /* Corrupted file, remove the lock. */
}
}
/* Check to see if the lock expired. */
if (lock->flags & MU_LOCKER_TIME)
{
struct stat stbuf;
fstat (fd, &stbuf);
/* The lock has expired. */
if ((time (NULL) - stbuf.st_mtime) > lock->expire_time)
stale = 1;
}
close (fd);
if (stale)
unlink (lock->data.dot.dotlock);
}
static int
init_dotlock (mu_locker_t locker)
{
char *tmp, *p;
/* Make sure the spool directory is writable */
tmp = strdup (locker->file);
if (!tmp)
return ENOMEM;
strcpy (tmp, locker->file);
p = strrchr (tmp, '/');
if (!p)
{
free (tmp);
tmp = strdup (".");
if (!tmp)
return ENOMEM;
}
else
*p = 0;
if (access (tmp, W_OK))
{
/* Fallback to kernel locking */
free (tmp);
return mu_locker_set_flags (locker,
MU_LOCKER_KERNEL|MU_LOCKER_OPTIONS(locker->flags));
}
free (tmp);
locker->data.dot.dotlock = malloc (strlen (locker->file)
+ sizeof (DOTLOCK_SUFFIX));
if (!locker->data.dot.dotlock)
return ENOMEM;
strcpy (locker->data.dot.dotlock, locker->file);
strcat (locker->data.dot.dotlock, DOTLOCK_SUFFIX);
return 0;
}
static void
destroy_dotlock (mu_locker_t locker)
{
free (locker->data.dot.dotlock);
free (locker->data.dot.nfslock);
}
static int
lock_dotlock (mu_locker_t locker, enum mu_locker_mode mode)
{
int rc;
char *host = NULL;
char pid[11]; /* 10 is strlen(2^32 = 4294967296) */
char now[11];
size_t sz = 0;
int err = 0;
int fd;
if (locker->data.dot.nfslock)
{
unlink (locker->data.dot.nfslock);
free (locker->data.dot.nfslock);
locker->data.dot.nfslock = NULL;
}
expire_stale_lock (locker);
/* build the NFS hitching-post to the lock file */
rc = mu_get_host_name (&host);
if (rc)
return rc;
snprintf (now, sizeof (now), "%lu", (unsigned long) time (0));
now[sizeof (now) - 1] = 0;
snprintf (pid, sizeof (pid), "%lu", (unsigned long) getpid ());
pid[sizeof (pid) - 1] = 0;
sz = strlen (locker->file) + 1 /* "." */
+ strlen (pid) + 1 /* "." */
+ strlen (now) + 1 /* "." */
+ strlen (host) + 1;
locker->data.dot.nfslock = malloc (sz);
if (!locker->data.dot.nfslock)
{
free (host);
return ENOMEM;
}
snprintf (locker->data.dot.nfslock, sz, "%s.%s.%s.%s",
locker->file, pid, now, host);
free (host);
fd = open (locker->data.dot.nfslock,
O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, LOCKFILE_ATTR);
if (fd == -1)
{
if (errno == EEXIST)
return EAGAIN;
else
return errno;
}
close (fd);
/* Try to link to the lockfile. */
if (link (locker->data.dot.nfslock, locker->data.dot.dotlock) == -1)
{
unlink (locker->data.dot.nfslock);
if (errno == EEXIST)
return MU_ERR_LOCK_CONFLICT;
return errno;
}
if ((fd = open (locker->data.dot.dotlock, O_RDWR)) == -1)
{
unlink (locker->data.dot.nfslock);
return errno;
}
err = stat_check (locker->data.dot.nfslock, fd, 2);
if (err)
{
unlink (locker->data.dot.nfslock);
if (err == EINVAL)
return MU_ERR_LOCK_BAD_LOCK;
return errno;
}
unlink (locker->data.dot.nfslock);
/* FIXME: If no errors, we have the lock. */
assert (locker->refcnt == 0);
if (locker->flags & MU_LOCKER_PID)
{
char buf[16];
sprintf (buf, "%ld", (long) getpid ());
write (fd, buf, strlen (buf));
}
close (fd);
return 0;
}
static int
unlock_dotlock (mu_locker_t locker)
{
if (unlink (locker->data.dot.dotlock) == -1)
{
int err = errno;
if (err == ENOENT)
{
locker->refcnt = 0; /*FIXME?*/
err = MU_ERR_LOCK_NOT_HELD;
return err;
}
return err;
}
return 0;
}
int
mu_locker_touchlock (mu_locker_t lock)
{
if (!lock)
return MU_ERR_LOCKER_NULL;
if (MU_LOCKER_TYPE (lock) != MU_LOCKER_TYPE_DOTLOCK)
return 0;
if (lock->refcnt > 0)
return utime (lock->data.dot.dotlock, NULL);
return MU_ERR_LOCK_NOT_HELD;
}
/* Kernel locking */
static int
init_kernel (mu_locker_t locker)
{
return 0;
}
static int
lock_kernel (mu_locker_t locker, enum mu_locker_mode mode)
{
int fd;
struct flock fl;
switch (mode)
{
case mu_lck_shr:
case mu_lck_opt:
mode = O_RDONLY;
fl.l_type = F_RDLCK;
break;
case mu_lck_exc:
mode = O_RDWR;
fl.l_type = F_WRLCK;
break;
default:
return EINVAL;
}
fd = open (locker->file, O_RDWR);
if (fd == -1)
return errno;
locker->data.kernel.fd = fd;
fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
fl.l_start = 0;
fl.l_len = 0; /* Lock entire file */
if (fcntl (fd, F_SETLK, &fl))
{
#ifdef EACCESS
if (errno == EACCESS)
return EAGAIN;
#endif
if (errno == EAGAIN)
return EAGAIN;
return errno;
}
return 0;
}
static int
unlock_kernel (mu_locker_t locker)
{
struct flock fl;
fl.l_type = F_UNLCK;
fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
fl.l_start = 0;
fl.l_len = 0; /* Unlock entire file */
if (fcntl (locker->data.kernel.fd, F_SETLK, &fl))
{
#ifdef EACCESS
if (errno == EACCESS)
return EAGAIN;
#endif
if (errno == EAGAIN)
return EAGAIN;
return errno;
}
close (locker->data.kernel.fd);
return 0;
}
static int
init_external (mu_locker_t locker)
{
if (!(locker->data.external.name = strdup (mu_locker_external_program ?
mu_locker_external_program :
MU_LOCKER_EXTERNAL_PROGRAM)))
return ENOMEM;
return 0;
}
static void
destroy_external (mu_locker_t locker)
{
free (locker->data.external.name);
}
/*
Estimate 1 decimal digit per 3 bits, + 1 for round off.
*/
#define DEC_DIGS_PER_INT (sizeof(int) * 8 / 3 + 1)
static int
external_locker (mu_locker_t l, int lock)
{
int err = 0;
char *av[6];
int ac = 0;
char aforce[3 + DEC_DIGS_PER_INT + 1];
char aretry[3 + DEC_DIGS_PER_INT + 1];
int status = 0;
assert (l);
assert (l->flags & MU_LOCKER_EXTERNAL);
/* FIXME */
assert (lock == !l->refcnt);
/* lock is true, refcnt is 0 or lock is false and refcnt is 1 */
av[ac++] = l->data.external.name ?
l->data.external.name : MU_LOCKER_EXTERNAL_PROGRAM;
if (l->flags & MU_LOCKER_TIME)
{
snprintf (aforce, sizeof (aforce), "-f%d", l->expire_time);
aforce[sizeof (aforce) - 1] = 0;
av[ac++] = aforce;
}
if (l->flags & MU_LOCKER_RETRY)
{
snprintf (aretry, sizeof (aretry), "-r%d", l->retries);
aretry[sizeof (aretry) - 1] = 0;
av[ac++] = aretry;
}
if (!lock)
av[ac++] = "-u";
av[ac++] = l->file;
av[ac++] = NULL;
if ((err = mu_spawnvp (av[0], av, &status)))
return err;
if (!WIFEXITED (status))
{
err = MU_ERR_LOCK_EXT_KILLED;
}
else
{
switch (WEXITSTATUS (status))
{
case 127:
err = MU_ERR_LOCK_EXT_FAIL;
break;
case MU_DL_EX_OK:
err = 0;
l->refcnt = lock;
break;
case MU_DL_EX_NEXIST:
err = MU_ERR_LOCK_NOT_HELD;
break;
case MU_DL_EX_EXIST:
err = MU_ERR_LOCK_CONFLICT;
break;
case MU_DL_EX_PERM:
err = EPERM;
break;
default:
case MU_DL_EX_ERROR:
err = MU_ERR_LOCK_EXT_ERR;
break;
}
}
return err;
}
static int
lock_external (mu_locker_t locker, enum mu_locker_mode mode)
{
return external_locker (locker, 1);
}
static int
unlock_external (mu_locker_t locker)
{
return external_locker (locker, 0);
}